Although the treatment may not affect everybody in the same way, for people taking testosterone, there is a potential risk of infertility. However, while Testosterone may make you infertile, some people continue to ovulate, and there is a risk of pregnancy, especially in the early months of starting testosterone. If you do not want to become pregnant, you should always use a birth control method to prevent pregnancy. AWC can help you with this. The risk of infertility also comes with taking estrogen. Although changes from hormones are theoretically reversible, there is not enough research on fertility once someone stops taking estrogen. One effect of taking estrogen and anti-androgens is that they decrease sperm production. If you are worried and are thinking of having children in the future, you can discuss the possibility of egg/sperm banking with the provider. Hormones do not protect against STI/STDs and HIV.